| nom. | gen. | dat. | acc. | inst. | prep. |
In this post, we’ll be learning how to form adjectives in the accusative case. If you don’t know how adjectives function, please check out the nominative case of adjectives before reading onward.
| Purpose |
Adjectives are used to describe.
They answer the question какой? in the nominative. In the genitive, they answer the same question, but differently. Observe:
| какой? [what? what kind of?] |
| – | m. | f. | n. | pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nom. | –ой? | –ая? | –ое? | –ие? |
| gen. | –ого? | –ой? | –ого? | –их? |
Confused? Let’s look below to see how these questions get answered.
| –Какая это еда? –Острая еда. -What kind of food is this? -Spicy food. |
| –Какой еды у тебя нет? –Острой еды. -What kind of food do you not have? -Spicy food. |
There are many more examples below.
| Formation |
| – | Masc. | Fem. | Neut. | Plur. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nom. | -ый | -ая | -ое | -ые |
| acc. | –ого | –ой | –ого | –ых |
Confused? See below for a clearer understanding.
| Nominative | Genitive |
|---|---|
| В столовой есть красивый стул. There’s a beautiful chair in the dining room. [какой стул?] | В столовой нет красивого стула. There isn’t a beautiful chair in the dining room. [какого стула?] |
| В столовой есть вкусная еда. There’s tasty food in the dining room. [какая еда?] | В столовой нет вкусной еды. There isn’t tasty food in the dining room. [какой еды?] |
| В столовой есть важное письмо. There’s an important letter in the dining room. [какое письмо?] | В столовой нет важного письма. There isn’t an important letter in the dining room. [какого письма?] |
| В столовой есть приятные гости. There are pleasant guests in the dining room. [какие гости?] | В столовой нет приятных гостей. There aren’t pleasant guests in the dining room. [каких гостей?] |
| Soft Adjectives |
Soft adjectives are far scarcer than hard adjectives in Russian. There are some 40 or so in existence.
| – | Masc. | Fem. | Neut. | Plur. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nom. | -ий | -яя | -ее | -ие |
| gen. | –его | –ей | –его | –их |
As usual, some examples for clarity.
| У меня есть утренний репортаж. I have the morning report. [какой репортаж?] | У меня нет утреннего репортажа. I don’t have the morning report. [какого репортажа?] |
| У меня есть утренняя газета. I have the morning newspaper. [какая газета?] | У меня нет утренней газеты. I don’t have the morning newspaper. [какой газеты?] |
| У меня есть синее кальцо. I have a [dark] blue ring. [какое кальцо?] | У меня нет синего кальца. I don’t have a [dark] blue ring. [какого кальца?] |
| У меня есть синие чашки. I don’t have [dark] blue cups. [какие чашки?] | У меня нет синих чашек. I don’t have [dark] blue cups. [каких чашек?] |
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And there it is – [just about] everything you need to know about adjectives in the genitive case!
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